ultimate goal: arrive at a group opinion or decision.

1# decide for a group of experts and send them questionnaire 2# Experts respond to several rounds of questionnaires

2.1 responses are aggregated and shared with the group after each round

2.2 experts are able to adjust theirs response based on how they interpret the "group response"

(repeat #2 if consensus not reached) disadvantage: slow and not as vital as a real discussion